Why do we wear sunscreen?
Skin cancer is caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVA or UVB) from sunlight. Avoiding direct exposure to sunlight is the most effective way of preventing skin cancer. However, there are times when sun avoidance just isn’t practical.
Sunscreen is the most important product available to help block ultraviolet light. Three important factors to consider with sunscreen use are:
- the spectrum of UV radiation absorbed
- amount applied
- frequency of application
UV Radiation
The sun gives off three types of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. All UV rays cause skin cancer.
UVA radiation:
- Goes deeper into the skin (dermis)
- Causes premature ageing and wrinkles
- Causes change in the appearance of skin colour (tanning)
UVB radiation:
- Affects the skin’s surface (epidermis)
- Contributes most to the burning of skin
- Causes eye damage
UVC radiation:
- Very dangerous
- Filtered out by the ozone layer
How to Pick the Proper Sunscreen:
- SPF (Sun Protection Factor) measures the amount of UVB absorption in the sunscreen. (Note: there is no method of reporting the UVA absorption). To determine if a sunscreen protects against UVA and UVB radiation, check the label for:
- The words broad-spectrum (this means it blocks both UVA and UVB)
- An SPF of at least 30 (higher numbers give higher rates of protection)
Applying Sunscreen Properly:
The most common mistake people make when using sunscreen is not using enough and not reapplying.
- Apply at least 20 minutes before sun exposure to ensure the product is absorbed by the skin
- When initially applied, sunscreen should form a film on the skin
- Reapply every two hours, and/or after swimming or perspiring.
- Alternate applications of sunscreen with applications of bug sprays
- Apply sunscreen after moisturizers and before makeup
Daily Sunscreen:
Sunscreen should be applied daily and throughout the year. The sun’s rays reflect off surfaces such as snow, sand and concrete. Whether in the city, at the beach, or in the mountains, your skin needs protection from UV radiation.